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H. Martens \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15811217 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15811217 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 EDITORS: Dr. Phyllis Bader-Borel \par }\pard \qc \fi300\li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15811217 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15811217 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Dr. Neal Robbins \par \par \par \par \par \par \par \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl-240\slmult0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15811217 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Office of Community Colleges\line State University of New York\line Albany, New York \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sa2556\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15811217 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 December , 1985 \par }\pard \ql \li2880\ri0\sa2556\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2880\itap0 {\insrsid15878295 \sect }\sectd \marglsxn1238\margrsxn1710\margtsxn1273\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid8610795\sftnbj \pard\plain \ql \li4104\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4104\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\ul\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 BACKGROUND}{\f2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri22\sb684\sl-240\slmult0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin22\lin720\itap0\pararsid8610795 {\f2\ul\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 SUNY Community }{\f2\ul\insrsid15878295\charrsid15811217 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 College} {\f2\ul\insrsid15811217 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\ul\insrsid15878295\charrsid15811217 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Topical}{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\ul\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Paper Number 4}{ \f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 focuses on "The Evolution of the State University of New}{\f2\super\insrsid15811217 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 York Community College Funding Formula. This paper is the fourth in a series of publi\-cations discussing topics of general interest to those seeking \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri22\sl-240\slmult0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin22\lin720\itap0\pararsid8610795 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 to learn more about the history, governance, operation and devel\- opment of the State University of New York\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 college system. As in previous topical papers, the reader will continue to find the footnotes of special interest. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li720\ri22\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin22\lin720\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri22\sl-240\slmult0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin22\lin720\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Dr. Freda R. H. Martens, the retired Dean of Planning and Informa\-tion Services at Dutchess Community College is the author of this paper. \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 She was also the author of earlier Topical Papers on SUNY community colleges. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li720\ri22\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin22\lin720\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri22\sl-240\slmult0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin22\lin720\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 This office continues to be indebted to Dr. Martens for her work in developing this series of Topical Papers on SUNY community colleges. In addition, the Office of Community Col\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 leges wishes \par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\sl-240\slmult0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8610795 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 to recognize the work of David Van Nortwick, Director of Administra\- tive Services, who made a substantial contribution as editor of this paper. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi648\li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Other topical papers published by this office are: \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-72\li720\ri1728\sl-240\slmult0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin1728\lin720\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw-2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 "The Historical Development of the Community C\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 olleges}{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 of the State University of New York" \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-144\li720\ri2592\sl-240\slmult0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin2592\lin720\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw-2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 "Governance of the State University of New York}{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Community Colleges" \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-144\li720\ri1656\sl-240\slmult0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin1656\lin720\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 "Students, Faculty and Programs in State University of New York Community Colleges" \par }\pard \ql \li6192\ri0\sb684\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin6192\itap0\pararsid8610795 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Stuart Steiner \par }\pard \qr \li0\ri0\sa120\sl-240\slmult0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15811217 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Acting Deputy to the Chancellor }{\f2\insrsid15811217 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sa120\sl-240\slmult0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15811217 {\f2\insrsid15811217 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 for Community Colleges \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sa4068\sl-240\slmult0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid15878295 \sect }\sectd \marglsxn1142\margrsxn807\margtsxn1125\margbsxn1526\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj \pard\plain \ql \li4104\ri0\sb252\sl360\slmult1 \nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4104\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 EVOLUTION OF}{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard \ql \li2304\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2304\itap0\pararsid8610795 {\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 THE COMMUNITY COLLEGE FUNDING FORMULA}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \par \par }\pard\plain \ql \li144\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin144\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Introduction}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi720\li144\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin144\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The State University of New York's community college state aid }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 formula evolved\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 over the last decade as a method of allocating state}{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 appropriations for the community colleges, within the limits deter-mined by the annual budget process. The formula was developed to serve as a means of distributing state aid funds in an equitable manne\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 r as well as provide an incentive for good educational and fiscal management. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi864\li0\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The formula for state aid for New York's community college operating costs was established in 1948, as one-third of operating costs, subject to such maximum limitations and regu\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 lations that the trustees of State University of New York might impose. This "one-third" approach was suggested by the Temporary Commission on the }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Need for a State University as the best way of sharing the operating}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 costs of the new community colleges amon\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 g students, the local sponsor and the State of New York.(l) \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi864\li0\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The strict "one-third" approach remained the basis of providing}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 state financial assistance for community colleges until the 1970's, when a variety of bonuses and variables were introduced into th\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 e formula to encourage campuses to pursue certain desired educational and social goals. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi864\li0\ri288\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin288\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 New York's efforts to ensure the proper allocation and budget}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \-\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ing of state assistance, in an era of steeply increasing higher }{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 education costs, is traced in the followi\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ng pages and is summarized}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 in Chart #1. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Limitations on State Aid }{\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295\charrsid10837810 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Begin}{\b\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 and a Formula Approach Explored}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi720\li0\ri144\sa120\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin144\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The rapid rise of higher education costs in the late 1960's, coupled with enrollment increases, prompted the State Legislature and Governor to examine \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 the State fiscal commitment to community colleges. Thus, New York's Education Law was amended in }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295\charrsid10837810 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 1969}{\b\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 to require the State University Trustees to give prior approval to the }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 budgeted operating (and capital) costs of community colleges because}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 these costs we\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 re used in calculating the amount of state aid for ;community colleges. Furthermore, the legislature mandated that the State University, "with the approval of the Director of the Budget" 'prescribe maximum limitations and regulations for operating costs. \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 I\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 t was suggested that student attendance or some other appropriate basis be used.(2) The first set of regulatory limitations developed in the summer of 1969, established a level of $490 per FTE student (based on aggregate enrollment) as the level above whi \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 c\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 h community college budgets would be not be approved.(3) \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi792\li144\ri144\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin144\lin144\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 A number of studies of the community colleges were also under-taken }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid8610795 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 at this time. The firm of Peat, Marwick and Mitchell studied \par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts11\trrh-464\trleft216\trftsWidth1 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth9216\clshdrawnil \cellx9432\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb \brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth754\clshdrawnil \cellx10186\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 the future of New York's two-year colleges and recommended, in}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \cell }{ \f2\expnd-1\expndtw-6\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 1969,}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\insrsid15878295 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts11\trrh-464\trleft216\trftsWidth1 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth9216\clshdrawnil \cellx9432\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth754\clshdrawnil \cellx10186\row }\trowd \irow1\irowband1 \ts11\trrh-743\trleft216\trftsWidth1 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth9216\clshdrawnil \cellx9432\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr \brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth754\clshdrawnil \cellx10186\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid8610795 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 that a revised fiscal formula be established requiring a fixed}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 contribution from the sponsor so as to leave the state's share}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \cell }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sb216\sl360\slmult1 \nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 of\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\insrsid15878295 \trowd \irow1\irowband1\ts11\trrh-743\trleft216\trftsWidth1 \clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth9216\clshdrawnil \cellx9432\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth754\clshdrawnil \cellx10186\row }\trowd \irow2\irowband2\ts11\trrh-338\trleft216\trftsWidth1 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth9970\clshdrawnil \cellx10186\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1 \nowidctlpar\intbl\tx4392\tx9684\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid8610795 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 operating aid open ended.(4)\tab This latter concept was, of course,\tab in\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\insrsid15878295 \trowd \irow2\irowband2\ts11\trrh-338\trleft216\trftsWidth1 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth9970\clshdrawnil \cellx10186\row }\trowd \irow3\irowband3\ts11\trrh-356\trleft216\trftsWidth1 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth9970\clshdrawnil \cellx10186\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 direct opposition to the law calling for specific maximum limita\_\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\insrsid15878295 \trowd \irow3\irowband3\ts11\trrh-356\trleft216\trftsWidth1 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth9970\clshdrawnil \cellx10186\row }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\intbl\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 tions and regulations.\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\insrsid15878295 \trowd \irow4\irowband4\lastrow \ts11\trrh-356\trleft216\trftsWidth1 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrnone \clbrdrb\brdrnone \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth9970\clshdrawnil \cellx10186\row }\pard \ql \fi648\li144\ri0\sb252\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin144\itap0\pararsid8610795 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Various approaches to state aid, such as "dollar-ceiling," "foundation aid," and "additional aid," were analyzed in }{\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 A Report t}{\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295\charrsid8610795 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 o }{\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 the State University and the Division\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 of the Budget.(5)}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 This report said that the "dollar-ceiling" approach would do little to advance either educational goals or effective management. It would not offset the disturbing inequalities in local efforts that were then highly visible. On the other \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 hand, the "foundation aid" approach would lead to standardization and an unwillingness to develop improved educational techniques. The report's author, Charles Ingler, suggested, therefore, that state aid consist of basic aid tied to one-third of the ope \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 r\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ating budget but utilizing a predeter\- mined rate per FTE. He also recommended that additional aid be made available as a reward or incentive for such things as efficient institutional and educational management, maintenance of effort in fiscal support by \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 t \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 he sponsor, high-cost technical instruction, and educational programs for the disadvantaged. It was on the basis of this report that new approaches to state aid for community colleges were explored. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi792\li0\ri144\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin144\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The development of a new state aid formula coincided wit\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 h passage of the Full Opportunity Law. This 1970 law provided for increased state funding to community colleges adopting: (1) poli\- cies to admit local high school graduates of the previous year and veterans to appropriate programs, with counseling and rem\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 e\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 diation work as needed; (2) a plan for such instruction; and (3) assurances that the necessary sponsor support would be made available.. It was in anticipation of this new law that the Governor recommended state aid at two-fifths of community college oper \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 a\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ting costs, instead of one-third, and making existing State University regulations appli\-cable to the 1970/71 operating budget requests of the community colleges.(6) \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi792\li0\ri432\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin432\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 State University's Trustees acted quickly t}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid10837810 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 o accommodate the new law. They }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 amended the ex \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 isting Code (then providing}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid10837810 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 a maximum state-aid limitation not in excess of $565 per FTE student) to provide up to $678 per FTE for those colleges with approved full opportunity plans.(7) \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Formula State Aid is Introduced and Mandated}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard \ql \fi792\li0\ri216\sb180\sa120\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin216\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 By January of 1971, all but four community colleges had approved plans for Full Opportunity Programs. This, and the fact that community colleges had experienced a 100 percent increase in operating costs in the past five year period, made the question of a \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 n\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 adequate formula for state assistance a major priority. Both the}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid8610795 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Governor and the State University Trustees agreed that the formula}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 should be based upon Ingler's recommendations.(8)}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295\charrsid8610795 \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi720\li216\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin216\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 This new formula approach to state aid was phased into estab\-lished proc\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 edures. Aid for Full Opportunity Program colleges was set at the }{\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 lesser}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 of either: (1) 40 percent of net operating costs; }{\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 or,}{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 (2) the sum of certain FTE calculated amounts. The FTE amounts were $621 per FTE student ($518 for non-full opportunity colleges),\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 plus $35 per FTE if the college's student FTE/faculty FTE ratio was no less than 17 to 1, an additional $35 per FTE if instructional }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 costs were at least 50 percent of all operating costs, and a further}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 s35 per FTE if at least 50 percent of the full-time s\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 tudents were enrolled in technical or vocational programs. Ninety dollars for each full-time disadvantaged student was also available if such students were no less than 25 percent of all full-time day credit course students. A limitation of $985 per FTE a \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 t\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 colleges with approved full opportunity plans was applied, but this "cap" was }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 reduced depending on the number of factors in the formula met by the}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 college. In fact, it was anticipated that community colleges would strive to meet at least one of their "mis \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 sing" factors per year--thereby improving their overall operation. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi720\li216\ri144\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin144\lin216\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 It was this type of formula, with changes in basic FTE dollar }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 amounts and variations in the factors used to calculate the aid due}{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 to each college, that was to become the backbone of the st\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ate's financial assistance to the community colleges for their operating support in the coming decade. Yet, the rapid growth of the commu\-nity colleges soon made the initial formula less than adequate. }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Many colleges soon met the factors required for additi\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 onal aid, but}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 uneven levels of educational services continued to exist and costs }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 to rise. These matters were widely discussed with various community}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 college constituencies.(9.) \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi792\li144\ri144\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin144\lin144\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 It was the Governor who then proposed that the State's partic\-ipation in the }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295\charrsid10837810 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 f\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 inancial a}{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 nd administrative aspects of the}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\sub\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 .}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 locally-sponsored colleges ought to be increased, but he said he would wait for yet another report, this time from his own Task Force on Financ\-ing Higher Education.(10) It was this Task Force's work that resulte\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 d in the omnibus Chapter 708 of the Laws of 1973. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi792\li0\ri216\sa576\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin216\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Chapter 708 of the Laws of 1973 contained }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295\charrsid10837810 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 many}{\b\f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 things but included was a reemphasis of the mandate for development by State University of maximum limitations and regulations for community college operating\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 budgets, with the approval of the Director of the Budget. Mandated was the University's preparation by December 31, 1973 of a new formula for financing the operating costs of the community colleges. It was required that maximum limitations, regulations a \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 n\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 d incentives to achieve compliance with a code of standards and procedures be included. The new formula was to be ready for enactment into law in 1974. Required was the promulgation by State University of a code of standards and procedures for the adminis \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 t\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ration and operation of community colleges by July 1, 1974. }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 This code could include minimum standards for academic curricula and}{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 facilities, schedules and formats for budget preparation and submis\-sion, and a system of accounts.(11) \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi720\li216\ri72\sb36\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin216\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Chapter 708 of the Laws\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 of 1973 also made additional state aid available to all community colleges over and above the existing formula. The aid was to be for expenses "incurred through the operation of high cost technology and science degree programs."(12) it was, in effect, pr \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 o\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 gram aid of a very broad type. A sum, not to exceed $150 for each full-time student enrolled in non-business }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 oriented Associate of Science or Associate of Applied Science degree}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 programs, was provided. (The earlier formula factor that 50 percent of the ful\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 l-time students be in technical/vocational programs was dropped). This new supplemental aid was to be subject neither to the 40 percent state-aid limitation nor to any other state-aid "cap". It was to be available to full opportunity and non-full opportun \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 i\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ty program colleges alike. Some community colleges have, therefore, received upon occasion more than 40 percent of their net operating budgets in state aid assistance. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi720\li216\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin216\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The Governor approved the omnibus 1973 law, but he also direct\-ed that detailed program\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 cost estimation and planning be undertaken in preparation for 1974.(13) A number of community colleges partic \-ipated in a State University-wide program cost study based on a model developed by the National Center for Higher Education Manage\-ment Systems \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 (\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 NCHEMS), but the session law proposed for 1974 was never introduced into the legislature.(14) \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi720\li216\ri360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin216\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Some aspects of the proposed bill, however, were adopted in 1974. Formula ceilings were increased for the first time \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 since their inception. The new programmatic aid for technical programs was changed from a "full-time" student basis to an FTE student basis, thereby including part-time and summer-session students in }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 the computation of the amount of supplemental aid to be \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 given each}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 community college. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi720\li216\ri144\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin144\lin216\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 A bill similar to that developed for 1974 was prepared the following year, but it failed to clear the Governor's Office.(15) Although it proposed making differential program costs part of the new formula mandated by }{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295\charrsid10837810 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Chapter}{\b\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 7\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 08 of the Laws of 1973 and within the context of available resources, the Division of the Budget }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 continued to oppose allocation of state aid along program lines.(16)}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 This opposition was not shared by those who thought that the exist\-ing broad limitations o\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 n state assistance ignored the differential }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 costs incurred in operating a variety of programs and in developing}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 new ones.(17) \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi720\li216\ri144\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin144\lin216\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 In effect then, the existing formula with either the 40 percent}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 calculation or the FTE driven computation, whichever proved to be\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 the lesser remained the state's method of supporting its Full \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-216\li216\ri288\sa120\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin288\lin216\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid11874393 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Opportunity Program community colleges, along with supplemental aid}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 for technical programs. \par }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid8610795 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 {\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Refinements are Made and Today's Formula Emerges}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi792\li0\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The formula approach to community college state a\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 id continued to be modified in the 1970's. The basic FTE support factor was increased to $670 per FTE in 1974, and the student/faculty ratio raised to 18.5/1 by 1978. By 1977 almost all community colleges met the 50 percent of instruction cost factor. As \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 t\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 his and other factors were achieved, they were dropped and new ones added. Forty percent of allowable rental costs for physical space was added in 1976 as a factor to be included in cost calculations.(l8) \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi792\li0\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 All community colleges had become full opportunity\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 colleges by 1978, and this fact alone made it possible for further enrichment of the state aid formula to occur. Basic FTE state aid rose to $750 and then to $805. Aid for the disadvantaged increased to $180 and then to $193. The percentage of rental cos \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 t\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 s allowed in cost calculations was raised to 50 percent. Supplemental state aid for technical programs was changed to $180 per FTE and then to $178. Furthermore, new supplemental state aid was made available for busi\- ness programs at approximately 42 perc\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 e\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 nt of the technical aid amount.(19) \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi792\li0\ri144\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin144\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Modification of this kind continued as efforts were made to simplify the formula and to save the community colleges from antici\-pated financial losses due to declining enrollments. One such effort was a variation of an \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 earlier attempt to divide FTE's into fully- funded and non-fully funded FTE's and with support for any "left-over" FTE's set at $100 each. An FTE calculation based on 20 percent, 30 percent and 50 percent of the three prior year FTE's was also tried.(20) \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 T\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 his was followed with FTE counts based on }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 either the prior year's actual enrollment or the three-year weighted}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 average--whichever was better for the institution. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi792\li0\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Furthermore, a new form of "program" aid was made }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295\charrsid5317137 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 available}{\b\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 in 1981 for approved contract cou\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 rses designed to help achieve special purposes of the State of New York. Community colleges conducting State University approved courses in occupational training or assis\-tance to businesses, labor/management organizations or not-for\-}{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid5317137 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 -}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 profit corporations f\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 or the creation, retention, and for the improve\- ment of productivity could receive $930 per FTE. This was soon increased to $1070, and then to`$1250, concurrent with the changes in approved levels for basic state aid. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Today's Funding Formula}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi792\li0\ri216\sa120\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin216\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The funding formula of today generates community college state aid based on three factors but with some "ifs" attached to at least two of them. Supplemental aid is also available, with some "if" aspects, as well as additional support to those colleges hel \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 p\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ing to achieve special purposes of the state. Details of this are set }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 forth in the Code of Standards and Procedures for the Administration}{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 and Operation of the Community Colleges under the program of State University of New York and updated as needed by St\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ate University's Board of Trustees.(21) \par }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid8610795 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi720\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Formula-based basic state aid remains limited at this time to not more than 40 percent of net operating costs. The three factors associated with this support are: (1) Either $1250 per FTE or $1285 }{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\super\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 p}{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 er FTE if the spo\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 nsor's support (millage factor) is maintained at a}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 level not less than the equivalent of 50 cents for $1,000 of total full valuation of taxable real property in the sponsorship area (i.e., $35 extra per FTE); (2) $212 per full-time disadvantaged student if \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 the proportion of disadvantaged students from the spon\-sor's area meets or exceeds the percentage of disadvantaged in the sponsorship area; and (3) 50 percent of all allowable rental costs for physical space. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi720\li0\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Supplemental state aid is still made availabl\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 e over and above the 40 percent maximum base-aid limitation. It is set at $195 per FTE in technical programs and $82 per FTE in business programs, }{ \f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 provided that the college's tuition is equal to or greater than that}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 of the prior year, and provided that cur\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 rent sponsor support (either}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 in total or on the basis of FTE support for students coming from the}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 sponsor's area) is not reduced from prior year levels. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi720\li0\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Special program support for participating colleges is also available over and above the 40 percent lim\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 itation. Contract }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 courses provide $1250 per FTE student ($1285 if the campus meets the}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 "millage" criterion noted above). Structural unemployment voca\-tional retraining provides support f \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 or programs designed to reduce unemployment. Youth internship support is used for the training and work experience of economically-disadvantaged youth. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \fi720\li0\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 State University's 1985/86 community college state-aid formula }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 and supplemental-aid categories supply o\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 n the average for the thirty}{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 community colleges of SUNY 35.3 percent of the colleges net operat\-ing costs. Student revenues (i.e., tuition, which may not be more }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 than one-third of net operating costs and currently set at a maximum}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 of $1350) make up 30.6 pe\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 rcent of net operating costs. Sponsor support averages 34.1 percent. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi720\li0\ri144\sa3168\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin144\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The flexible formula approach to state aid outlined above and as evolved by the State University served the campuses well during times of increasing enrollments. There is a growing conce\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 rn that}{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid5317137 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 the formula may not be adequate }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 for many colleges during the period of projected decreasing enrollments during the next five to seven years. Therefore, it can be anticipated that changes will continue }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 to be sought in the formula, if the future need\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 s of the colleges are}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 to be met. \par }{\insrsid15878295 \sect }\sectd \marglsxn815\margrsxn1270\margtsxn1161\margbsxn1555\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj \pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\fs26\ul\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 FOOTNOTES}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\fs26\cf1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \qj \fi-720\li720\ri288\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx720{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0\pndec\pncf1\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin288\lin720\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 State of New York, }{ \f2\fs26\ul\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The Report of the Temporary Commission on}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\ul\expnd-1\expndtw-7\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 the Need for a State University,}{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-7\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Legislative Document (1948)}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 No. 30, p. 28. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin720\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Although, the one-third approach remained essentially the }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-9\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 method of determining state aid for many years, a "chargeback"}{ \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 system was developed in 1953 to provide county payments for}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{ \f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-9\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 student's crossing county lines to attend a community college.}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-6\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 This resulte\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 d in widespread variations in the share of operat}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \-\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ing costs paid by sponsors. Community colleges with large }{ \f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 out-of-county enrollments, in effect, shifted much of their}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 sponsor's support to that of the county of origin of their}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 students--thereby modifying c \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 onsiderably the original finan}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \-}{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 cing arrangements. The chargeback system started (according}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 to Charles P. O'Brian, Broome County Attorney) with the }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 promise that counties assuming support of the former state}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-9\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 supported Institutes of Applied Science as communi\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ty colleges,}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{ \f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-6\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 would be allowed to charge back tuition of non-local resident}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 students to their home counties. (See letter in bill jacket}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-6\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 of Chapter 769 of the Laws of 1955). Chargebacks introduced a}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 new concept of support for higher education. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\fs26\cf1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 2.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \fi-792\li792\ri792\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx792{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls1\pnrnot0\pndec\pncf1\pnstart1\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin792\lin792\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 New York \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 State, Chapter 174 of the Laws of 1964 and State University, Board of Trustees Resolution }{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295\charrsid15025420 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 69-239}{\b\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 . \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin720\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-9\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The effective date of the 1969 law was originally set for July}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-9\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 1, 1970 but was changed to July 1, 1969 law was originally set}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 for July 1, 1970 but was change\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 d to July 1, 1969 by Chapter}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 340 of the Laws of 1969. Both laws were passed upon message}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 of necessity from the Governor. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin720\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-6\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 At this time, Education Law, Section 6305 dealing with commun}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \-}{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ity college financing, had already been renumbered 6304 by}{ \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Chapter 769 o\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 f the Laws of 1955. Chapter}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{ \f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-4\insrsid15878295\charrsid15025420 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 49}{\b\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 was also amended}{ \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-6\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 in that same year, by Chapter 340, Section 15, to establish a}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{ \f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-9\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 fiscal year statutor}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 y}{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-8\sub\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ,}{ \f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-9\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 limitation on state appropriated moneys}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 for community college operational aid. It was feared that }{ \f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 with the introduction of collective bargaining, unforeseen}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-6\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 personnel increases would make state aid budgeting an impossi}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \-\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 bility, particularly in an era of steeply rising higher education costs. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li720\ri360\sa120\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin720\itap0\pararsid4196533 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The State University Trustees considered the limitation }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 devel\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 oped with the Director of the Budget to be an interim}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 one. Joint studies continued on the question of community}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 college financing and a possible permanent limitation by }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-6\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 formula. Even so the University trustees amended 603.4 (and}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{ \f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-9\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 603.8) of their Code to "ca\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 p" approval of community colleges}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{ \f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-9\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 budgets at $490 per FTE for 1969/70, with further changes to}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 be made in the future. \par }{\f2\fs26\insrsid4196533 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\fs26\cf1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 3.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-864\li864\ri144\sb72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx864{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls2\pnrnot0\pndec\pncf1\pnstart3\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin144\lin864\itap0\pararsid8610795 {\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 See State University of New York Board of Trustees Resolution 69-239 which added 603.4 and 604.8 to the Code. However, }{ \f2\fs26\expnd-2\expndtw-10\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 operating cost\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 s in excess of that approved, could be supplied}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 by the sponsor. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\fs26\cf1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 4.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \fi-864\li864\ri504\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx864{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls2\pnrnot0\pndec\pncf1\pnstart3\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin504\lin864\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Peat, Marwick, Mitchell and Co., }{ \f2\fs26\ul\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The Future of the Public}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\ul\expnd-1\expndtw-8\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Two-Year Colleges in New York State,}{ \f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-8\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-9\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 September, 1969. This}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 was the so-called Nelson Report. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\fs26\cf1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 5.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx864{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls2\pnrnot0\pndec\pncf1\pnstart3\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}} \faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 See: "L\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 imitations and Regulations: State Aid to the Communi\_ \par }\pard \ql \li864\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin864\itap0\pararsid8610795 {\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ty Colleges of New York State; Part I: Operating Funds."}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\ul\expnd0\expndtw-2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 A}{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard \ql \li900\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid8610795 {\f2\fs26\ul\expnd-1\expndtw-7\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Report to the State University and the Division of the Budget,}{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-7\insrsid15878295 \par }{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 December, 1969. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-1\cf1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 6.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \fi-900\li900\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx900{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls2\pnrnot0 \pndec\pncf1\pnstart3\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin72\lin900\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 State of New York, Chapter 811 of the Laws of 1970. This la\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 w followed the statement made in the Governor's 1970 Annual }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-8\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Message in which he recommended full opportunity at community}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-3\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 colleges because education beyond high school--technical or}{ \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-9\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 academic--was becoming a requirement for entry to modern life.}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li900\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin900\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The new la\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 w followed the}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f36\fs22\expnd3\expndtw15\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 1970/71 }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Executive Budget recommenda}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \-}{\f2\fs26\expnd-2\expndtw-10\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 tion that set forth the nature of the full opportunity program}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-3\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 being proposed and called for more control over costs. This}{ \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-5\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 budget clearly stated that regulations required of the State}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{ \f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 University Trustees i\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 n}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f36\fs22\expnd3\expndtw15\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 1969 }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-4\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 were under study and would apply}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 to community college budgets of }{\f36\fs22\expnd3\expndtw18\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 1970/71. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li900\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin900\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li900\ri432\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin432\lin900\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The new law amended Education Law, Section }{\f36\fs22\expnd4\expndtw20\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 6304 (1)(a). }{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 It }{ \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295\charrsid15025420 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 continued the }{\f36\fs22\expnd4\expndtw20\insrsid15878295\charrsid15025420 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 1969}{\b\f36\fs22\expnd4\expndtw20\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 }{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 mandate to State University to adopt }{\f2\fs26\expnd-2\expndtw-11\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 maximum limitations and regulations with the approval of the}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Division of the Budget. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\fs26\cf1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 7.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \fi-900\li900\ri864\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx900{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls2\pnrnot0\pndec\pncf1\pnstart3\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin864\lin900\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 State University of New York Board of Trustees Resolution }{\f2\fs26\insrsid15025420 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f36\fs22\expnd3\expndtw18\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 70-144 }{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 and }{\f36\fs22\expnd4\expndtw20\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 70-145. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li900\ri288\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin288\lin900\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 These resolutions established criteria for approving full}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 opportunity plans (i.e., a n\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ew Code, Section }{\f36\fs22\expnd4\expndtw20\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 603.5 }{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 and an amended section }{\f36\fs22\expnd6\expndtw31\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 603.4).}{\f36\fs22\expnd4\expndtw20\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 }{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Further regulations were to be }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 promulgated July 1, 1971. (Changes in outside gross square}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd-2\expndtw-10\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 footage cost calculations were also made but did not apply to}{ \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Nassau County or to New York City). \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\fs26\cf1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 8.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \fi-900\li900\ri432\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx864{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls2\pnrnot0\pndec\pncf1\pnstart3\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin432\lin900\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 State University of New York Board of Trustees Resolution }{\f36\fs22\expnd3\expndtw17\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 71-25. }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Code}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f36\fs22\expnd3\expndtw17\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 603.4 }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 was restated and maximum state aid limits}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 set forth. At this time, July }{\f36\fs22\expnd4\expndtw20\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 27, }{\f36\fs22\expnd3\expndtw18\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 1971, }{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 State University }{\f2\fs26\expnd-2\expndtw-10\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 considered these new maximum limitations on operating costs,}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{ \f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-7\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 based on widely disc\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ussed proposals, to be permanent regula}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \-\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 tions. \par }\pard \ql \li990\ri432\sb252\sa120\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin432\lin990\itap0\pararsid4196533 {\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The Governor's }{\f36\fs22\expnd3\expndtw18\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 1971/72 }{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Executive Budget cited these new }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-7\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 regulations. He referred to the "Ingler Report" as the work}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd0\expndtw-2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 of a consultant, commissioned by State University and the}{ \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Division of the Budget in late }{\f36\fs22\expnd4\expndtw20\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 1969\hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 , }{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 to develop methods \par }\pard \ql \li990\ri1080\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin1080\lin990\itap0\pararsid4196533 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 whereby costs could be controlled while programs of the}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 colleges were improved. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\cf1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 9.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \fi-720\li1008\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1008{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0 \pndec\pncf1\pnstart9\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin72\lin1008\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 A series of drafts of }{\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 A Preliminary Report for Discussion}{\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295\charrsid15025420 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{ \f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Among the Constituencies of the Community Colleges}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 were }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 prepared by a Task Force on Problems in the Community Colleges}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 and circulated, beginning in November 1972. This Task Force consisted of eight community college presidents and two trustees from the community colleges. It included resource persons from State\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 University's central office. The prelimi\-nary reports, based on State University master plans were an excellent analysis of problems but as far as it can be ascer\-tained no final report was issued. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\cf1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 10.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \fi-720\li1008\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1008{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0 \pndec\pncf1\pnstart9\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin72\lin1008\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The Task Force on Financing Higher Education was es\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 tablished October 7, 1972 by Governor Rockefeller to undertake a "com\- prehensive evaluation of the present laws and methods of financing higher education, both public and private" in New York State; to "develop a program to strengthen both public and priv\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 a\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 te higher education in the State by proposing better }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 methods of financing and helping to improve the quality of the}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 State's system of higher education" and; to make recommenda\-tions for the 1973 legislative session. Francis Keppel chaired the Task Force. I\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ts report, }{\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Higher Education in New}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 York State,}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 was transmitted to the Governor March 5, 1973. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li990\ri288\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin288\lin990\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Furthermore, one month later, the Legislative Commission on }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Expenditure Review issued its "Evaluation of Two-Year College}{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Trends" and noted that increased state \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 support for community colleges would require more careful state supervision and coordination. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\cf1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 11.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \fi-702\li990\ri216\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1008{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0 \pndec\pncf1\pnstart9\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin216\lin990\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Chapter 708 of the Laws of 1973 added a new section 6304.1 (b) and renumbered the former (b) and (c) paragraphs. It was ap\-proved by the Governor June 11, 1\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 973. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1008{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\cf1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 12.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \fi-720\li1008\ri360\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\tx360\jclisttab\tx1008{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0 \pndec\pncf1\pnstart9\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin360\lin1008\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Paragraph 14 of the 1973 law (Chapter 708) contained a series of higher education appropriations effective as of July 1, 1973. Included with these appropriations was the new commun\-ity coll\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ege aid "to supplement the appropriations made under Chapter 53. of the Laws of 1973." \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\cf1\insrsid15878295\charrsid4196533 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 13.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \fi-720\li1008\ri216\sa120\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1008{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0 \pndec\pncf1\pnstart9\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin216\lin1008\itap0\pararsid4196533 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid4196533 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Governor's memorandum, "State Aid - Higher Education - Non-Public Institutions - Appropriations," June 11, 1973. The Governor pointed out that the Task Force on Hi\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 gher Education had recommended that detailed "cost estimation and planning be undertaken" in 1973. Neither the Keppel's report nor the Governor specified "program costing." Keppel's report urged the preparation of cost projections for future years for pla \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 n\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ning purposes and the carrying out of the Report's recommendations.}{\f2\insrsid4196533\charrsid4196533 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid4196533 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The resulting cost studies were viewed as leading to enriched}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295\charrsid4196533 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 and modified formula limitations for a more equitable distri\-bution of state aid. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri288\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\tx450{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin288\lin0\itap0\pararsid4196533 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid4196533 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\cf1\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof \hich\af0\dbch\af11\loch\f0 14.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1008\ri288\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\tx450\jclisttab\tx1008{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0\pndec\pncf1\pnstart9\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin288\lin1008\itap0\pararsid4196533 {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid8156119 {\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft-558\shptop14157\shpright10058\shpbottom14489\shpfhdr0\shpbxcolumn\shpbxignore\shpbypara\shpbyignore\shpwr5\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz0\shplid1026{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 202}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}} {\sp{\sn lTxid}{\sv 65536}}{\sp{\sn dxTextLeft}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dyTextTop}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dxTextRight}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dyTextBottom}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn pWrapPolygonVertices}{\sv 8;5;(-62,0) ;(-62,21600);(21662,21600);(21662,0);(-62,0)}}{\sp{\sn dxWrapDistLeft}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn dxWrapDistRight}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 0}}{\shptxt \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15025420 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\insrsid15878295\charrsid15025420 \par }}}{\shprslt{\*\do\dobxcolumn\dobypara\dodhgt8192\dptxbx\dptxlrtb{\dptxbxtext\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15025420 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\insrsid15878295\charrsid15025420 \par }}\dpx-558\dpy14157\dpxsize10616\dpysize332\dpfillfgcr255\dpfillfgcg255\dpfillfgcb255\dpfillbgcr255\dpfillbgcg255\dpfillbgcb255\dpfillpat0\dplinehollow}}}}{\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid4196533 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Memorandum to Presidents, Community Colleges from Hendri}{\f2\insrsid4196533\charrsid4196533 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 k N. Dullea, "Proposed Communit}{\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid4196533 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 College Legislation" (with pro-posed bill and other attachments), January 23, 1974.}{\f2\insrsid4196533\charrsid4196533 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295\charrsid4196533 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 This bill was basically the regulations of the then existing Code 603.4 (but the ma\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ximum limitation statements were elimi\-nated.) \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\cf1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 15.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \fi-720\li990\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1008{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0\pndec\pncf1\pnstart9\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin990\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Memorandum to Board of Trustees from Ernest L. Boyer, Chan\-cellor, "Legislative Proposal No. 2 (Formula for Operating Support of Community Colleges)," January 22, 1975. The 1975 bill was similar to that \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 proposed in 1974 but was believed to be in accord with the Legislature's 1973 mandate. (See footnote #16). It restated the proposal that with the 1976/77 college fiscal year, state aid for the operating costs of community colleges be based }{ \f36\insrsid15878295 \hich\af36\dbch\af11\loch\f36 on }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 program costs\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 . This was described by State University's counsel as a new formula for financing the operating costs of the community colleges at a time when community college growth was dramatic, when all but three such colleges were full opportunity colleges, and when \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 the community college mission had become increasingly compre\-hensive. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar{\*\pn \pnlvlcont\ilvl0\ls0\pnrnot0\pndec }\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\cf1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 16.\tab}}\pard\plain \ql \fi-720\li990\ri72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx1008{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls3\pnrnot0 \pndec\pncf1\pnstart9\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin72\lin990\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 This was also in compliance with Education Law 6304.1 to which }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 a new section (b) had been added in 1973 renumbering the other}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 paragraphs of this subdivision (see footnote #11). Thi\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 s law mandated State University to prescribe operating cost maximum limitations and regulations. It mandated that a new formula be developed for 1973 which could also include maximum limitations, regulations and incentives for compliance with a mandatory \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 p\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 romulgation of a code of standards and procedures for the administration and operation of the community col\-leges. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-720\li990\ri144\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\tx990\tx1080\tx1170\faauto\adjustright\rin144\lin990\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15025420 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 1}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 7. }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15025420 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The Budget Division's record opposing program funding is men}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\super\insrsid15878295 \-}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 tioned in the so-called Wales Committee report, where the history of effo\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 rts to reach a new funding arrangement is outlined. See: State University of New York, }{\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Final Report,}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\ul\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 State University Trustees Committee on Special Problems of the}{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Community Colleges,}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 February,1976. \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li990\ri144\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\tx9720\faauto\adjustright\rin144\lin990\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The exac\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 t nature of the mandates imposed by New York's Legis\-lature had created some confusion. Thus in the }{\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Executive}{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\ul\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Budget 1976-1977's}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Message of the Governor Appendix II "Finan\-cial Terminology", p. A46, the Governor said that an appropri\-ation usually represen\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ted maximum spending authority. "Howev\-er, when formula-based local assistance would exceed the }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 available appropriation, in the absence of statutory provision}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 limiting such aid to the amount appropriated, the formula ma}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 y}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\sub\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ;}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 control and may, in fact, imbalanc\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 e the Budget."\tab }{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\super\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 t \par }\pard\plain \s19\ql \li990\ri0\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin990\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li990\ri144\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin144\lin990\itap0\pararsid8610795 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 It was clear that a possible }{\f2\insrsid15025420 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 unbalancing}{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 of the Budget alarmed}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 the Division of the Budget--especially at a time when collec\-}{\f2\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 tive bargaining was expanding in the State and it was realized}{\f2\expnd0\expndtw2\insrsid15878295 \par }\pard \ql \li990\ri936\sb72\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin936\lin990\itap0\pararsid4196533 {\f2\fs26\expnd-2\expndtw-10\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 that instructional program costs were closely relat \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ed to}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 professional salaries. \par }\pard \ql \li990\ri288\sb180\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin288\lin990\itap0\pararsid4196533 {\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-9\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 "Not more than 40%" has remained the "cap" for the community}{ \f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 colleges' funding formula. \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\fs26\cf1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 18.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-990\li990\ri792\sb216\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx990{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls6\pnrnot0\pndec\pncf1\pnstart18\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin792\lin990\itap0\pararsid4196533 {\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Fifty percent of allowable rental costs was permitted two years later. \par {\pntext\pard\plain\f2\fs26\cf1\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 19.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-990\li990\ri144\sb216\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx990{\*\pn \pnlvlbody\ilvl0\ls6\pnrnot0\pndec\pncf1\pnstart18\pnindent360\pnsp120\pnhang {\pntxta .}}\faauto\ls6\adjustright\rin144\lin990\itap0\pararsid4196533 {\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 An excellent table summarizing the operating aid formula f\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 rom 1950 to 1984/85 is in: }{ \f2\fs26\ul\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Compilation of Statistical Data}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\ul\expnd-1\expndtw-6\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Concerning the Community Colleges of the State University of}{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-6\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\ul\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 New York 1983-84,}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 p. 29. \par }\pard \ql \fi-990\li990\ri504\sb216\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\tx990\faauto\adjustright\rin504\lin990\itap0\pararsid4196533 {\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 20}{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-8\insrsid15878295 \tab \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Chapter 53 of the Laws of 1981 and 1982 (i.e., Local Assis}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \-\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 tance Budgets). \par }\pard \ql \fi-990\li990\ri0\sb216\sa8604\sl360\slmult1\nowidctlpar\tx990\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin990\itap0\pararsid11874393 {\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-6\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 21. }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-6\insrsid2899761 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-6\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-6\insrsid4196533 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-6\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Chapter 762 of the Laws of 1984 require that joint regulations}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 for operating cost limitations be prescribed by both City }{\f2\fs26\expnd-1\expndtw-6\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 University and State University trustees with the approval of}{\f2\fs26\insrsid15878295 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 the Director of the Budget.}{\f2\fs26\insrsid11874393\charrsid11874393 \sect }\sectd \marglsxn1375\margrsxn1115\margtsxn1173\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj \pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 { \f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 FUNDING SUNY' S COMMUNITY COLLEGES\line Neal V. Robbins\line Professor, Educational Administration and Policy \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Studies \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \par }\pard\plain \s18\ql \fi720\li0\ri288\sl480\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin288\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The thirty Community Colleges which are a part of the State University of New York were established in 1948 under the Education Law, NYCRR Title 8. They are governed by the regulations of the SUNY Trustees, but have their own Board of Trustees und \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 er the law and a legal relationship with their local sponsor, usually a county or several counties. \par }\pard \s18\ql \fi720\li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The law and the regulations provide for the funding of these colleges from several sources. The most important of these are: the annual State budget, suppor\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 t from the local sponsor, and tuition paid by students. All of these sources have existed since the founding of the community colleges in 1948, but have varied each year as the result of actions each year. \par }\pard \s18\ql \fi720\li0\ri72\sl480\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin0\itap0 {\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Local Trustees must first pass a budget which must\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 then be supported in full or part by local sponsors. This budget also contains a proposed tuition, which must be reviewed and approved by the SUNY Trustees. Then the SUNY Trustees recommend a budget to the Governor, who in turn recommends his version to \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 t\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 he Legislature. The Legislature considers the Governor's proposal for community college aid and then passes a version after listening to constituent groups. As a result of this process, which is of course much more convoluted than }{ \f2\expnd0\expndtw-2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 this brief description ad\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 mits, each college finally has an approved budget which has been approved}{\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 by Local College Trustees, Local Sponsor(s), and the State - SUNY Trustees, Legislature and Governor. \par }\pard\plain \ql \fi720\li0\ri432\sa120\sl480\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin432\lin0\itap0\pararsid97053 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 Under the original law, passed in 1948, all community colleges were on a very si\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 mple formula. The state paid one-third of allowable costs, the students paid up to one-third, and the}{ \f2\insrsid97053\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 local sponsor (a county, several counties, a city school district, a Board of Education, or a city) paid one-third or more. The students could pay less th\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 an one-third if the sponsor wished to pay a larger amount to preserve a lower tuition rate. The system continued for some 22 years until 1969-70. Of course, there was another small portion of the budget comprised of sponsored and self sustaining program f \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 u\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 nds, federal sources, and fees and miscellaneous income}{\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af0\dbch\af11\loch\f0 . \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri72\sl480\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin72\lin0\itap0\pararsid97053 {\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 This does not mean that all college budgets were the same. In 1969, for instance, College A could have become a higher cost institution with the support of the local sponsor, who had to approve each \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 budget. Thus, the sponsor might have contributed (for example) $800 per full time equated student (FTE) while the student put in $400, the maximum allowed that year by regulation of the SUNY Trustees. The contribution of New York State would then be $600, \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 with a total cost of $1800 per FTE. (An FTE is defined as a hypothetical student taking 30 credit}{\f2\insrsid97053\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 hours in a year. It could be one student taking 30 credit hours or several students taking a total of 30 credit hours. Total FTE students are computed by divi\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ding the total credit hours and credit hour equivalent by 30.) \par }\pard \qj \fi720\li0\ri216\sl480\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin216\lin0\itap0 {\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 College B, on the other hand, might have a sponsor who wished to support a more frugal college effort. If they contributed 400 dollars per FTE, the Student would pay 400 and the total cost per \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 FTE would be $1200. \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li0\ri360\sa120\sl480\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin0\itap0\pararsid97053 {\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The year of 1970-71 was a}{\f2\insrsid97053\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 watershed year. The State, through}{\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 legislation and action of the SUNY Trustees, had encouraged every community college to become a "Full Opportunity College" by offering to provide state aid up to 40% rather th\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 an up to 1/3 of net operating costs for those adopting an FOP program. As one of the attached charts show, the SUNY Trustees had defined a full opportunity college as one which admitted every sponsor resident who was a returning veteran or a recent high s \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 c\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 hool graduate. This was the SUNY response to the "open}{\f2\insrsid97053\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 }{\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 door" program popular in community colleges across the nation in the 1960's. Additionally, full opportunity colleges in New York were expected to offer student assistance in acquiring basic education s\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 kills as needed, a "continuity of counseling", as well as special learning resources and an individualization of instruction. Admittedly the meaning of these terms lacked clear definition, but the colleges were constrained to file an annual report detaili \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 n\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 g progress in meeting the objectives. \par }\pard\plain \s18\ql \fi720\li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 In 1970 many of the colleges had refrained from becoming Full-Opportunity Colleges, partly because of the concerns for increased costs on the part of the local Trustees and Sponsors. Therefore, the legislature included\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 in the annual budget a proposal that all community colleges that became full opportunity colleges would get up to 40% state aid, while the students would pay 33.3% (or less) and the sponsor would pay 26.7% (or more). In addition to the stated progressive \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 goals of providing more opportunity to citizens, there was possibly also the "cooling out" goal--that if increasing the enrollment of under prepared students at community colleges to stifle complaints about access at the four-year senior colleges of the S \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 t\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 ate. The colleges, in turn, quickly adopted full opportunity programs in response to the potential reward. \par }\pard\plain \s15\ql \fi720\li0\ri216\sa1296\sl480\slmult1\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin216\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1041\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af11\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1041 {\f2\insrsid15878295\charrsid97053 \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 The State leadership learned, however, that the Full Opportunity program could put a severe strain on the state budget-and the amount of this strain \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 could not be predicted in advance. The rather convoluted changes made annually in the formula over the next 25 years--to this present writing--have been attempts to respond to the needs of the community colleges and the demands of their students and to re \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 s\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 pond to the fluctuating ability of the state to support the full needs of the colleges and the demands of local sponsors of the State to ease off "mandated" expenses on them. These changes are recorded in the reports that follow, compiled by Mr. George An \hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 k\hich\af2\dbch\af11\loch\f2 er, Financial Analyst in the SUNY Central Administration. \par }}